The different categories of electric scooters
Before diving into the intricacies of licensing, it's essential to understand the different categories of electric scooter available on the market. After all, choosing the right model will directly influence the type of license you'll need to drive your electric scooter legally. So strap on your helmets and let's get to grips with these silent machines!
Scooters under 4 kW: the city's smartest scooters
Let's start with the lightest of the bunch: electric scooters under 4 kW. These little jewels of technology are perfect for squeezing through narrow streets and avoiding urban traffic jams. With a maximum speed generally limited to 45 km/h, they offer an ideal mobility solution for short trips around town.
These scooters are particularly popular with beginners and those seeking an eco-friendly alternative to public transport. Their low power makes them easier to master, making them an excellent choice for those taking their first steps into the world of electric two-wheelers.
Scooters from 4 to 11 kW: the all-rounders of the road
Let's move on to the intermediate category: electric scooters from 4 to 11 kW. These models offer an excellent compromise between power and maneuverability. With speeds of up to 90 km/h, they're perfect for those who want to venture beyond the city limits without sacrificing the agility needed in urban environments.
These scooters are particularly suited to more experienced riders looking for a little more punch under the handle. They're ideal for cruising along major roads, while still being able to weave in and out of city traffic at rush hour.
Maxi-scooters (over 11 kW): kings of the road
Finally, for thrill-seekers and long-distance enthusiasts, there are electric maxi-scooters, with a power rating of over 11 kW. These impressive machines rival motorcycles in terms of performance, offering top speeds often exceeding 100 km/h.
Electric maxi-scooters are ideal for those planning long freeway journeys or simply looking for more power and stability. Their larger size and greater weight make them particularly stable and comfortable vehicles, perfect for long distances.
Permits required for each category
Now that we've covered the different categories of electric scooters, it's time to tackle the crucial question: what license is required to drive an electric scooter? The answer depends on the vehicle's power rating, so follow the guide!
Scooters under 4 kW: the AM license, your ticket to freedom
To drive an electric scooter under 4 kW, you' ll need an AM license, formerly known as the Brevet de Sécurité Routière (BSR). This license is available from the age of 14, and requires a minimum of 8 hours' training.
Good news for drivers born before 1988: you are exempt from the obligation to take the AM license. However, a little refresher training wouldn't go amiss to ensure your safety on the road!
Scooters from 4 to 11 kW: A1 or B license, the choice is yours
For electric scooters from 4 to 11 kW, you have two options:
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A1 license: Available from age 16, this license allows you to drive scooters up to 11 kW and 125 cm³.
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The B license with additional training: If you've already had your car license (B) for at least 2 years, you can opt for additional 7-hour training. This training will entitle you to drive an electric scooter in this category.
Maxi-scooters: A2 license, for the more daring
For electric maxi-scooters over 11 kW, you'll need an A2 license. Available from the age of 18, this license allows you to drive motorcycles up to 35 kW. After two years' practice, you can take the A license to drive motorcycles of unlimited power.
Training and preparation
Now that you know which license you need to drive your electric scooter, let's talk about training. Because, yes, before you hit the road, good preparation is essential!
Training for the AM license: 8 hours to become an ace on the handlebars
Training for the AM license takes place over the course of one day and comprises 8 hours of lessons, divided between theory and practice. You'll learn the basics of driving an electric scooter, road safety rules and best practices for responsible driving.
The program includes
- 2 hours theoretical training
- 4 hours off-road driving
- 2 hours on the road
Additional training for B license: 7 hours to switch to a two-wheeler
If you opt for complementary training with your B license, you'll follow a 7-hour program focusing on practical training and road safety specific to two-wheelers. This training will enable you to familiarize yourself with the specificities of driving an electric scooter, and to acquire the reflexes needed for safe driving.
Compulsory equipment for driving an electric scooter
Safety is paramount! Here's what you need to drive your electric scooter with complete peace of mind:
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Approved helmet: Your best friend on the road!
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CE-certified gloves: To protect your hands in the event of a fall.
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A suitable jacket: Ideally with built-in protection.
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Reinforced pants: To protect your legs from friction and impact.
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High boots: For better ankle protection.
Remember: road safety is everyone's business. By behaving responsibly and wearing the right equipment, you can help make the roads safer for all road users.
Insurance and registration
Before you take to the road with your electric scooter, don't forget these two very important steps:
Insurance: a legal obligation
All electric scooters, whatever their power rating, must be covered by at least third-party liability insurance. This covers any damage you may cause to others in the event of an accident. Don't hesitate to compare offers from different insurers to find the one that best suits your needs.
Registration: a must
Contrary to popular belief, electric scooters must be registered, even those under 4 kW. The process is simple:
- Obtain a certificate of conformity from the manufacturer or importer.
- Fill in an application form for a registration certificate (ex-carte grise).
- Go to the prefecture or apply online via the ANTS website.
Once registered, your electric scooter will be officially recognized and you'll be able to drive legally.
Exceptions and points to consider
Although the regulations are clear in most cases, there are a few exceptions and special points to bear in mind:
Driving without a license: Possible, but limited
Certain very light electric scooter models (under 50cc equivalent) can be driven without a license for people born before 1988. However, this exception does not exempt you from compulsory insurance and registration.
Local regulations: Stay informed
Some towns may have specific regulations concerning the circulation of electric scooters, particularly in pedestrian zones or on cycle paths. Check with your local council to find out what rules apply in your area.
By following this advice and complying with current regulations, you'll be able to take full advantage of the benefits offered by your electric scooter. Whether it's for short trips around town or longer rides, you're now equipped to ride legally and safely.
Now you're ready to hit the road with your electric scooter! Whether you opt for a small urban scooter of less than 4 kW or a powerful maxi-scooter, you now know which license you need to drive legally. But don't forget that safety is paramount: make sure you're properly equipped, and take the training appropriate to your level.
Electric scooters offer an ecological and economical alternative to traditional transport. By mastering the regulations and adopting responsible driving habits, you can contribute to more sustainable and safer mobility for all. So, whether you're a beginner or an experienced rider, embark on the electric adventure and enjoy the freedom offered by your new riding companion. Happy motoring!
